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Abstract Background Variants in OTUD5 are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the pathogenicity of a novel OTUD5 va...

Background: Repetitive Peripheral Magnetic Stimulation (rPMS) is an innovative neuromodulation technique that has gained attention for its potential therapeutic effects in both musculoskeletal and neurological disorders....

Neurological disorders such as post-stroke hemiplegia, spinal cord injury, and Parkinson disease represent a major global health burden. Brain-computer interface (BCI), which creates direct communication pathways between...

Chronic psychosocial stress is a major risk factor for anxiety, depression and related disorders, yet a hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis centric framework alone is insufficient to explain stress-induced vulnerab...

Abstract Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) feature deficits in movement intention, predictive mechanisms, and agency. While prior work characterised BOLD amplitude during movement preparation and temporal dynamics a...

This review reexamines the mechanism by which acupuncture (especially electroacupuncture) modulates pain-related affective disorders from an integrative functional framework. We propose that the efficacy of acupuncture s...

Craniofacial morphogenesis is a highly coordinated developmental process governed by complex genetic and molecular interactions. Among these, the PAX family of transcription factors plays a pivotal role in the regulation...

In the growing diversity of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived models of brain development, we present here a novel method that exhibits 3D cortical layer formation in a reproducible topography of minimal...

Background. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders worldwide and remains an important public health concern. The disorder is characterized by persistent ina...

Myo-inositol (myo-Ins) and D-chiro-inositol (D-chiro-Ins) are natural compounds involved in many biological pathways. Since the discovery of their involvement in endocrine signal transduction, myo-Ins and D-chiro-Ins sup...

Sleep plays an important role in physical health, cognition, and emotional well-being. Since sleep disorders can affect all these aspects, accurately detecting sleep stages is key to proper diagnosis and monitoring. Auto...

ABSTRACT The biportal endoscopic technique, known as unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE), has emerged as an effective minimally invasive approach for managing various spinal disorders. This report presents the first docu...

BackgroundThe toxicities associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can affect nearly all organ systems. Although previous studies have examined specific types of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) associated...

Thymic stromal cells drive T cell development by supplying key cues for progenitor proliferation and differentiation. Although thymic epithelial cells are well characterized, recent studies highlight crucial functions of...

The early stages of life constitute a crucial period for neurodevelopment, during which maternal gut microbiota dysbiosis can impact offspring neurodevelopment via the microbiota–gut–brain axis. This study aimed to e...

Disrupted hippocampal performance underlies psychiatric comorbidities and cognitive impairments in patients with neurodegenerative disorders. To understand the contribution of adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) to amyo...

Background and purposeThe aging brain is particularly sensitive to alterations in selenium status. Selenium deficiency has been associated with impaired neural function, cognitive decline, and increased vulnerability to ...

The incidence of metabolic disorders including obesity, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome have seriously increased in the last decades. These diseases - with growing impact in modern societies - constitute major ris...

Abstract Perinatal failure in the growth hormone (GH)-insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis causes impaired body growth and central and autonomous neurodevelopmental disorders. However, whether a primary neurodevelop...

Abstract Background Neuroinflammation is a hallmark of numerous neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Psychedelics have garnered recent attention for their anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Howev...

Copper is an essential trace element in the human body, extensively involved in key physiological and biochemical processes such as antioxidant defense, energy metabolism, neural signaling, and immune regulation. In rece...

Abstract The bone is an important body organ due to its role in locomotion, protection and mineral homeostasis. Bone health is affected by various intrinsic and extrinsic factors like genetics, diet, environment and immu...

Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by heterogeneity in its genetic, epigenetic, and environmental etiologies, posing significant challenges for therapeutic development...