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ABSTRACT Background and Aims Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a leading cause of acute respiratory tract infections, particularly in children, older adults, and individuals with immunocompromising conditions. Despite incr...

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe cardiopulmonary disorder characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling, which leads to increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy, and ultim...

Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an apicomplexan parasite that infects most warm-blooded animals, including approximately one-third of the human population worldwide. Dense granule proteins (GRAs), secreted from speciali...

Autosomal-dominant hyper-IgE syndrome (AD-HIES) is characterized by chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, recurrent sinopulmonary pneumonias, noninflammatory atopic dermatitis, extremely high levels of serum IgE, and non-im...

Objective Endometriosis (EMs) is a chronic gynaecological condition characterised by the ectopic growth of endometrial tissue; however, its molecular mechanisms remain insufficiently understood. Ferroptosis, an iron-depe...

BackgroundBehçet’s disease is a multisystem inflammatory disorder whose diagnosis can be challenging due to overlapping features with other inflammatory conditions and primary immunodeficiencies (1). In patients with ...

Abstract Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is an extremely lethal cerebrovascular emergency that can lead to severe long term neurological deficits. Modern research evidence indicates that the incidence of SAH varies signifi...

Abstract Industrialization and urbanization exacerbate global environmental health challenges, with pollutants from industrial and vehicular emissions (e.g., PAHs, NOx, PM2.5) posing significant risks. Growing evidence l...

BackgroundThymoma, a neoplasm of the thymus, leads to hypogammaglobulinemia in ∼10% of affected patients, resulting in Good syndrome that frequently coexists with autoimmunity and mucosal candidiasis. Thymomas lose the...

Background: Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from Gram-negative bacteria are spherical lipid bilayer nanostructures with diameters of 20 to 250 nm. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), a keystone periodontal pathogen,...

This literature review aims to synthesize current evidence on plastic bronchitis (PB), a disease characterized by varying degrees of branching cast formation in the airways. The rationale for undertaking this review stem...

Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder primarily characterized by persistent facial erythema, episodic flushing, papules and pustules, as well as phymatous changes. Despite extensive research, the pathogenesis o...

Abstract In recent years, with the continuous booming of diabetes patients, the research on diabetes and its complications, including pathogenesis, early diagnosis and therapeutic interventions, has attracted considerabl...

Abstract Mediterraneibacter gnavus is a human symbiotic gut bacterium whose abundance often increases in patients with various diseases, such as active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the genetic factors gover...

Abstract Background/Objectives Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by heart failure and cardiac dilation, distinguishing it from ischemic and non-ischemic heart diseases. To date, more than 50 genes have been i...

Protein aggregation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases and poses major challenges in protein engineering. A key driver of this process is the presence of aggregation-prone regions...

Background: Emerging evidence has shown that exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a representative PAH congener, exacerbates the develo...

BackgroundTranscriptome−wide association study (TWAS) contributes to discovering novel susceptibility genes related to diseases. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has been extensively applied to characterize cellu...

Anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) autoimmunity possess a poorly understood diversity in the development of neurological manifestations with or without diabetes mellitus (DM) association. A possible genetic cont...

Uveitis is a group of diseases characterized by intraocular inflammation, closely associated with infectious, autoimmune, genetic, or environmental factors. Cell death, a critical biological process involved in developme...

BackgroundInfantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) is a severe age-specific epileptic encephalopathy with unclear pathogenesis, and neuroinflammation is involved in its progression. The HMGB1-TLR4 signaling pathway, a ...

Objectives: To characterize the proliferative and immunophenotypic profiles of salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) and to explore their associations with clinicopathologic features, tumour microenvironment (TME...

Background: Osteoporosis has long been considered a disorder confined to bone tissue. Growing evidence now highlights its systemic origins, governed by intricate communication between multiple organs. The multi-organ-bon...

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the continuously advancing and frequently lethal idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, is pathologically characterized by abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix constituents, leadin...