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Gene therapy holds a great potential for treating a variety of human disorders by introducing foreign therapeutic genetic material into target cells using gene carriers (vectors). Most particularly, viral vectors show a ...

Abstract Background Viral infections of tomato plants present a significant threat to tomato production and yield. Mixed viral infections are common in field-grown tomatoes and are known to exacerbate disease symptoms; h...

ABSTRACT Background and Aims The world has been devastated by the pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) from 2019 to 2023 which necessitated stratifying patients into mild, m...

Glycyrrhizin preparations (GLPS), derived from Glycyrrhiza uralensis (licorice), are widely used hepatoprotective agents in clinical practice. Their primary active components, 18α- and 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), are...

Vaccination is widely used to control foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), necessitating robust approaches for evaluating vaccine potency to ensure a consistent supply of effective and safe vaccines. Traditional (in vivo) poten...

Abstract Tumors and cancer cell lines exhibit varying levels of activation in interferon (IFN) pathways and expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). This heterogeneity correlates with differential susceptibility to onc...

Abstract Background Limited evidence exists on the prescription patterns of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and their effectiveness in achieving HIV-1 viral suppression. This study evaluated pre-conflict prescr...

Disease Diagnosis in crops is a very expensive and lengthy process, as it often involves the need for few experts to make observations, leading to delayed diagnosis, viral spread of diseases, and thus, massive economic l...

Abstract Background Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus with nearly universal seroprevalence in sub-Saharan Africa. In people living with HIV, CMV contributes to immune activation, systemic inflammation, an...

Abstract Background Dolutegravir (DTG) is endorsed as a preferred option for both first- and second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART); however, comprehensive high-quality evidence regarding its virological effectiveness ...

Materias / palabras clave: fusion protein; immune modulation; spike; vaccine; viral entry and infection; viral evasion

Abstract Potato crops in Bangladesh are significantly threatened by viral diseases, underscoring the need for comprehensive virome profiling to inform sustainable management strategies. In this study, we employed high-th...

Abstract Introduction Enterovirus A71 (EV71)–associated encephalitis lacks targeted neuroprotective therapy. Experimental data implicate endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and ferroptosis in neuronal injury. We tested w...

Background and AimMost infections are innocuous in most individuals, and most infectious diseases are confined to specific organs. Inborn errors of tissue-intrinsic, non-leukocytic immunity underlie some organ-specific i...

Despite widespread rollout of dolutegravir-based (DTG) antiretroviral therapy (ART) in East Africa, viral non-suppression, advanced HIV disease (AHD), and multimorbidity persist, reflecting gaps in service response rathe...

IntroductionFc-mediated antibody effector functions play key roles in both antiviral immunity and immunopathology in COVID-19. While antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotox...

The main obstacle of influenza is that only a small proportion of cases progress to severe disease due to massive viral replication and excessive immune responses, while effective therapeutics for influenza-induced pneum...

Background: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) remains the most common HIV-associated malignancy in South Africa and continues to contribute substantially to the national disease burden, despite the widespread availability of antiretr...

IntroductionThe immune system is recognized as participating in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disease and there is renewed interest in identifying biomarkers of this immune activation. MethodsWe measured serum and c...

BackgroundN-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a key precursor of glutathione (GSH), the lung’s principal antioxidant. First developed as a mucolytic, NAC is now recognized for broader antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodula...

BackgroundBehçet’s disease is a multisystem inflammatory disorder whose diagnosis can be challenging due to overlapping features with other inflammatory conditions and primary immunodeficiencies (1). In patients with ...

Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) can manifest with neurological disorders, indicating genetic overlap between immune and nervous system diseases. However, neurological disorder genes are rarely screened systematically for...

Abstract Human astrovirus (HAstV) is a major cause of viral enteritis in children and the older adults worldwide. The eight serotypes of classical HAstVs (HAstV1-8), employ the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) as an entry rec...

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a major post-transcriptional RNA modification, and the demethylase ALKBH5 has emerged as a versatile but highly context-dependent regulator of RNA fate. This review integrates current evidence...