Proximity Coupled Dual Antenna Design For X Band Applications

This paper presents the analysis and design of a proximity-coupled dual antenna for X-band applications. Proximity coupling, a widely used feeding technique, is employed to optimize the spatial allocation of the receiver antenna, resulting in a more compact and efficient antenna design. The proposed design consists of a simple dual-rectangular antenna, where one antenna is a rectangular microstrip patch resonating at 9.8 GHz, and the second antenna is fed by a microstrip line electromagnetically coupled with the radiating patch. The feed substrate increases the patch's height, contributing to improved performance in the proximity-coupled configuration. The dual antenna system consists of two antennas placed back-to-back, designed specifically for receiving and retransmitting signals. A coax-fed microstrip patch antenna and a microstrip line-fed patch are combined in this configuration. The substrate material used is FR4 epoxy. Despite the lossy nature of FR4, the dual antenna achieves a gain of 3 dB in both directions. The increased height of the overall antenna structure results in wide impedance bandwidth. The proposed design ensures efficient space utilization, making it a promising candidate for applications requiring compact, high-performance antennas. The results highlight the potential of this dual-antenna system for advanced wireless communication technologies.