Current Migration Trends and Socioeconomic Challenges in Central Asia: A Focus on 2021–2024

This study aims to examine migration dynamics and the socioeconomic factors influencing migration in Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan. In Kyrgyzstan, internal migration from rural areas to cities is prevalent, while in Kazakhstan, the ongoing war has led to an increase in Russian migrants. Uzbekistan, on the other hand, has experienced a decline in external labor migration in recent years. The research analyzes migration policies, including Kyrgyzstan’s 2021–2030 migration policy concept, Kazakhstan’s 2023–2027 migration policy concept, and Uzbekistan’s 2030 strategy. The study recommends improving socioeconomic conditions, enhancing infrastructure, and reducing bureaucratic barriers to address migration challenges and human trafficking risks.