Awareness of caloric requirement is limited among Polish population — survey study

OBJECTIVE: Individualized caloric intake is fundamental in obesity management. Awareness of daily energy requirements is critical for achieving and maintaining a healthy body weight. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A survey was conducted among 200 patients. Mean age of the study group was 39.5 years, mean body mass index (BMI) — 26.8 kg/m². Among respondents, 72% were female, 28% were male. Participants’ actual caloric requirements, knowledge of daily energy requirements, and self-perceived dietary habits were assessed. Data were analyzed using statistical methods to examine associations with demographic and health-related factors. RESULTS: Nearly half of the study group reported no knowledge of their daily caloric requirements (DCR), and only 28% respondents provided an accurate estimate. Women and participants with BMI within the normal range had better estimation of their DCR. Overweight and obese individuals more frequently reported unhealthy dietary patterns and larger food portion sizes. Self-perceived health status was significantly associated with BMI, physical activity, and dietary self-assessment. CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge of daily caloric requirements is limited in Polish population, with fewer than one-third of participants providing accurate estimates. This fact may contribute to unhealthy eating behaviors and a higher prevalence of obesity.