The Association of FGF-23, IL-1 and KIM-1 with Progression and Mortality Rates of Chronic Kidney Disease

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the relation of serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF-23), Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and Kidney Injury Molecule 1 (KIM-1) levels with progression and mortality rates of patients with CKD at the predialysis stage. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 147 patients with CKD who presented to the Internal Medicine Department of Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital between January and May 2012 were enrolled into the study. Hemogram analysis, biochemical parameters and serum FGF-23, IL-1 beta and KIM-1 levels were examined at initial evaluation and at the 48th month of follow-up. RESULTS: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HT) were major causes of CKD. During the 48-month follow-up period, 51 patients (34.6%) died. A statistically significant relationship was observed between mortality rates and stage of disease, age, high levels of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin and decreased serum albumin levels; however, the effects of gender and the presence of DM on mortality were statistically nonsignificant. Relationship of serum FGF-23, IL-1 beta and KIM-1 with magnesium as well as serum FGF-23 and IL-1 beta with uric acid and IL-1 beta with CRP were statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Both initial serum levels and variations of FGF-23, IL-1 beta and KIM-1 had a nonsignificant impact on mortality of CKD patients during the 48-month follow-up period. Further studies with a higher number of participants and longer duration of follow-up are required to determine predictors of prognosis and mortality in patients with CKD.