Sexual behavior and HIV/AIDS knowledge among undergraduate students at a public university in Brazil

Abstract Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major public health issue among young people. Objective: To investigate the sexual behavior and HIV/AIDS knowledge among undergraduate students at a large Brazilian public university. Methods: Cross-sectional study with stratified sampling. An electronic questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic and academic information and information on sexual behavior. Results: Among 491 students (mean age 22.2 years), 61.5% were women, 34.6% were self-identified as homosexual or bisexual, and 88.4% reported having had sexual experience. Male students reported a higher rate of any STI (10.1%) compared to female students (9.6%). While the students demonstrated satisfactory knowledge of HIV/AIDS, they expressed doubts about HIV testing. Friends, teachers, and internet searches were the primary sources of information about sexual matters. The students stated that the information they received about contraceptive methods, unplanned pregnancy, sexual orientation and sexuality, and prevention of sexual violence was insufficient. Conclusion: The results highlight the need for condom availability in the university environment, promotion of school-based sex education, and support for study groups and academic leagues on sexuality, STI prevention, and health promotion as part of educational activities. These measures could help to address the knowledge gaps identified and reduce sexual risk behaviors among young adults.