Point-of-Care Ultrasound Foundations in Physics and Image Acquisition: An Innovative Hands-on Active Learning Workshop

Introduction We developed an innovative, active learning workshop to introduce foundations of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) physics and instrumentation. The workshop design aimed to reduce cognitive load and encourage learner-centered engagement through hands-on exploration that reinforces key principles and connects theory to practice. Methods First-year medical students participated in small-group, student-driven exercises to explore POCUS machine controls, transducers, and image acquisition skills. Each group was supported by a faculty member to guide activities and ensure accuracy. Students scanned pickles, hard-boiled eggs, and olives with pits; these items were selected for their low cost, sonographic characteristics, and recognizability. Later in the semester, students demonstrated image optimization skills as part of a formal assessment. Results Survey results suggest that the workshop enhanced understanding of ultrasound physics and its relationship to imaging acquisition. Of 231 students assessed, 97% (n = 223) were able to select the correct probe and 71% (n = 164) successfully optimized their images independently during the subsequent assessment. Discussion This interactive workshop provided learners with hands-on experience using familiar household objects to demonstrate the relationship between ultrasound physics, instrumentation, and image generation. Instruction emphasized principles of image formation rather than image interpretation, distinguishing it from patient-based workshops. This approach aims to promote more deliberate image acquisition throughout the curriculum and into clinical practice.