Study on the Cleaning Methods for Edge-Trims of Chinese-Style Clothing/Textile Relics

As crucial components of traditional Chinese costumes, edge-trims often accumulate stains alongside the main-fabric during long-term preservation, yet specialized cleaning studies remain scarce. This research systematically evaluated three liquid-controlled cleaning-methods (spray + siphon, atomization + siphon, and ultrasonic emulsification + siphon) on eight typical trim-materials (painted decoration, silk, leather, fur, spangle, braid, lace, fringe) and four representative stains (solid/liquid mud and oil). Results show that cleaning-efficacy depends jointly on stain state, composition, penetration, and material surface morphology. Solid-mud was best removed by spray + siphon via direct mechanical action; liquid-mud responded optimally to ultrasonic emulsification + siphon through enhanced penetration and emulsification; solid-oil was most effectively cleaned by atomization + siphon via steam softening; liquid-oil was also best treated with ultrasonic emulsification + siphon. Solid-stains were easier to remove than liquid stains, and mud more than oil. Smooth surfaces facilitated cleaning, while complex or uneven structures posed challenges. Practical validation on an embroidered vest (majia) achieved removal rates of 98.8% (solid mud), 90.6% (liquid mud), and 87.2% (solid oil) without damaging the substrate. The study confirms the safety, effectiveness, and practicality of the proposed methods, offering scientific and technical support for trim conservation in textile relics.