THE EFFECT OF THE PLANT PART STERILIZATION METHODS, AND ANTIOXIDANTS TO IMPROVE THE GROWTH AND HEALTHY SAMPLES IN THE INITIAL STAGES OF Populus euphratica oliv PLANTS IN VITRO

The research aimed to study the effect of sterilization methods, adding antioxidants, and the source of the plant part on the rate of growing and healthy samples in the initial stage of Populus euphratica oliv. Different sterilization methods were employed using various concentrations of disinfectants. Sodium hypochlorite, for instance, was utilized at concentrations of 10% and 20% for a duration of 10 to 20 minutes. Similarly, calcium hypochlorite was employed at concentrations of 10% and 20% for the same time. Mercury chloride was used at concentrations of 0.1% and 0.2% for a duration of 2 to 4 minutes. The results showed that the use of as for mercury chloride, a concentration of 0.1% for 2 minutes helped reduce microbial contamination and resulted in a percentage of developing samples (46.67%). In addition, the specimens underwent a treatment involving the combination of Ascorbic acid at a concentration of 100 mg/L and citric acid at 100 mg/L. Polyvinyl peroxide (PVP) was utilized at a concentration of 100 mg/L, while activated charcoal (AC) was introduced at 200 mg/L. The environment was deliberately darkened for a duration of one week. Remarkably, the treatment with Ascorbic acid at 100 mg/L + citric acid at 100 mg/L, along with the addition of activated charcoal (AC) at a concentration of 200 mg/L, exhibited the most favorable outcomes in reducing oxidized phenol levels in the environment compared to other treatment methods. and the results of the study on the effect of the source of the parts showed that the best treatments were in parts taken from the buds in the order (5-2) on the branch or parts of the top of Suckers (bud 2) compared to the source obtained from Suckers. Keywords: Populus euphratica oliv, mercury chloride, sodium hypochloride, antioxidant, source of explant, percentage of survivals.