Couples’ symbiotic experience in perinatal vulnerability: a phenomenological qualitative study

Abstract Aims and objectives This study aims to explore the experiences of perinatal vulnerability between expectant mothers and partners, investigating how their vulnerabilities interact, accumulate, or resolve, and identifying coping strategies that strengthen resilience and mutual support. Background The perinatal period presents significant physical, emotional, and psychological challenges that increase vulnerability for both mothers and partners. While most research focuses primarily on maternal vulnerability, less attention is given to partners and the couple’s dynamic. A deeper understanding of these interrelated vulnerabilities is essential for improving perinatal care. Design A phenomenological qualitative study was conducted through in-depth interviews with 40 participants (22 mothers and 18 partners) at a tertiary hospital in Wuhan, China. Data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. The study was designed and reported according to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research checklist. Results Three main themes emerged: (1) “Not Just Her Pain”: Joint Immersion in the Whirlpool of Vulnerability; (2) “We Touch Each Other’s Vulnerability”: The Complex Interweaving of Dual Vulnerability; and (3) “This Is a New Beginning”: Transformation and Growth Through Vulnerability. Conclusions This study highlights the need to recognize the interrelated vulnerabilities of both expectant mothers and partners. Positive communication, mutual support, and interrelated decision-making are essential in reducing stress and fostering resilience. The study also enhances healthcare professionals’ ability to identify vulnerable populations not solely based on external factors, enabling more tailored and effective care. Relevance to clinical practice Healthcare providers should adopt a couple-centered approach in perinatal care, emphasizing joint decision-making and emotional support. This approach can improve perinatal outcomes and strengthen the emotional bonds within families.