Effects of hypothalamic phospholipid treatment in three patients with neurological disorders: a case series

Abstract Background Hypothalamic phospholipids, essential components of neuronal membranes, play a key role in neuroendocrine regulation and synaptic plasticity. Liposom Forte, an injectable formulation based on hypothalamic phospholipids, has been proposed as an adjuvant in neurological disorders characterized by cerebral metabolic-functional impairment. The aim was to evaluate the effect of Liposom Forte on cognitive functions and neurological symptoms in three patients with different conditions: drug-resistant epilepsy with comorbid depression, mild cognitive impairment, and chronic cerebrovascular disease. Patients received intramuscular Liposom Forte (28 mg/day) in 15-day cycles per month for a total duration of 3 months. Pre- and post-treatment Mini Mental State Examination score, subjective symptoms, and any adverse events were collected. Cases presentation The series included three white patients: a 28-year-old man, a 70-year-old woman, and a 76-year-old man. Two out of three patients exhibited clinical improvement, documented either by an increase in Mini Mental State Examination scores or by self-reported symptomatic benefits. One patient reported an unexpected improvement in lower limb paresthesia. No clinical changes were observed in the patient with post-ischemic stroke sequelae; however, the Mini Mental State Examination was maintained within the normal ranges. The treatment was well tolerated in all cases, with no adverse events reported. Conclusion Liposom Forte demonstrated a favorable tolerability profile and preliminary signals of efficacy in cognitive and affective domains in patients with heterogeneous neurological conditions. Despite variability in clinical response, two patients showed signs of benefit, and the treatment was safely administered in all cases. These exploratory findings support the rationale for future randomized controlled trials to further evaluate its impact on cognitive and affective functions.