Las comunidades parasitarias como expresión de distinto comportamiento trófico en aves del Mar Argentino
Diaz, Julia Inés · SEDICI UNLP · 2006
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The aim of the present work is to describe the helminth communities of tow marine birds, the Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) as a model of stenophagic species and the Kelp gull (Larus dominicanus) as a model of euryphagic species. Taking into account the different trophic behavior of these birds it was analyzed the diversity and the parasite community structure. Twenty-seven penguins and twenty-nine gulls were collected along the Península Valdés coasts, Chubut province, Argentina. Additionally, four penguins found in Mar del Plata coast, Buenos Aires province, were prospected. Spheniscus magellanicus harbored six helminth species: 2 cestoda (Tetrabothrius lutzi and Tetrabothrius n. sp-;Tetrabothriidae-), 1 digena (Cardiocephaloides physalis-Strigeidae-), 2 nematoda (Cosmocephalus obvelatus –Acuariidae- and Contracaecum pelagicum-Anisakidae) and 1 acantocefala (Corynosoma sp.-Polymorphidae-). The helminth fauna of Larus dominicanus was constituted by 19 species: 3 cestoda (Tetrabothrius sp., -Tetrabothriidae- and 2 uncertain Dilepididae); 10 digenea (Himasthla escamosa and Stephanoprora sp.-Echinostomatidae-, Odhneria odhneri, Maritrema sp. 1 and Maritrema sp. 2, -Microphallidae-, Bartolius pierrei and 1 uncertain genus-Gymnophallidae, Parorchis acanthus -Philophtalmidae-, Brachylecithum (Brachylecithum) sp.-Dicroceoelidae- and 1 uncertain Diplostomidae); 4 nematoda (Cosmocephalus obvelatus and Paracuaria adunca-Acuariidae-, Contracaecum sp. larvae-Anisakidae- and 1 uncertain Capillaridae) and 2 acantocefala (Corynosoma sp. and Profilicollis sp.-Polymorphidae-). The infracommunity level analyzes showed that the helminth species of S. magellanicus in Península Valdés have a specific location along the digestive tract and their distribution is not affected neither by inter nor intra-specific relations. Nevertheless, Corynosoma sp. showed a little degree of intraspecific competence. The community was conformed by one core species (T. lutzi), three secondary species (C. physalis, C. pelagicum, Corynosoma sp.) and one satellite species (C. obvelatus). The similarity between the infracommunities was high duo to the existence of a group of species that frequently co-occur. In the community of Larus dominicanus were registered both inter and intraspecific relations, suggesting the competence by the same resource. The community was characterized by a high number of secondary and satellite species without association, conferring scare similarity between infracommunities. The helminth community of S. magellanicus, fit with the "trade-off" model - prevalent and abundant species are host - specific-. This model is frequently observed in fishes. In contrast, the helminth species of L. dominicanus showed intermediate features between the "trade-off" model and the "broad-resource" model. This last model is frequently observed in birds, and is characterized by prevalent and abundant species, which ones are not specific. The features observed in S. magellanicus (e. g. low richness, scare interactions) permit to define an "isolationist" community, frequently found in ectothermic hosts. Larus dominicanus has mixed characteristics, most of them define an "interactive" community (e. g. high richness, inter and intraspecific relations) common in endothermic animals. The stenophagic behavior of the Magellanic penguin reduces the incorporation of helminth species and favors the co-occurrence between them, while the euryphagic behavior of the Kelp gull is reflected in a higher richness. These results indicate that the diet is an important factor in determine the helminthes community structure and the predictability of the infracommunities is possible only when the diet of the host is stenophagic and is stable along the time. Comparing the present results with those found by previous authors, it is possible to observe that the specific richness of Larus dominicanus in Península Valdés is higher than in others localities. This suggests that the diet of the gulls in this area is more natural and diverse than those coming from others habitats (e. g. landfills, continental areas, others marine coasts). The composition of the helminth fauna of penguin from Mar del Plata suggest that these specimens come from another breeding colony that the remaining samples, where the availability of the items preys are different. The study of the helminth communities allow us to know the variations in the diet of populations of the same host species.
Doctor en Ciencias Naturales
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APA 7
Diaz, J. I. (2006). Las comunidades parasitarias como expresión de distinto comportamiento trófico en aves del Mar Argentino. SEDICI UNLP. https://doi.org/10.35537/10915/4288
MLA
Diaz, Julia Inés. Las comunidades parasitarias como expresión de distinto comportamiento trófico en aves del Mar Argentino. SEDICI UNLP, 2006. https://doi.org/10.35537/10915/4288.
Chicago
Diaz, Julia Inés. 2006. Las comunidades parasitarias como expresión de distinto comportamiento trófico en aves del Mar Argentino. SEDICI UNLP. https://doi.org/10.35537/10915/4288.
Harvard
Diaz, J. I. 2006, Las comunidades parasitarias como expresión de distinto comportamiento trófico en aves del Mar Argentino, SEDICI UNLP, available at: https://doi.org/10.35537/10915/4288 [Accessed 24 Jun. 2026].
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- Título
- Las comunidades parasitarias como expresión de distinto comportamiento trófico en aves del Mar Argentino
- Autor / colaboradores
- Diaz, Julia Inés
- Editorial
- SEDICI UNLP
- Año de publicación
- 2006
- Idioma
- es
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