Dispersión de hongos endófitos radicales por el roedor subterráneo Ctenomys knigthi y el efecto sobre plantas nativas del Desierto del Monte riojano
Miranda, María Victoria · CONICET Digital · 2019
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The Monte Desert in La Rioja is the natural habitat of several rodent species of the genus Ctenomys. These animals popularly called "tuco-tucos", have been recognized as key species in ecosystems for their ability to locally modify soil properties through their fossorial activities. Inside their burrows, rodents alter the soil due to the transport of food, the deposition of their feces and by the movement, mixing and transport of soil from lower horizons to the surface. In this way, tuco-tucos modify the soil properties, creating bounded patches, where the physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics of the soil can vary significantly with respect to the unchanged surrounding soil. Previous studies have focused specifically on the physicochemical changes of the soil by the action of the tuco-tucos, while few have addressed the microbiological variables. The aim of this thesis is to study the communities of radical endophytic fungi associated with the activity of the subterranean rodent Ctenomys aff. knigthi, in the biome of the Monte Desert of La Rioja, and evaluate the potentialities as bioinoculants of some novel fungal taxa. The results show that rodents modify soil edaphic properties, mainly the concentration of nutrients and organic matter, moisture, water retention capacity and texture. Regarding microbiological activity, we found a significant increase in respiration measured as CO2 release, and an increase in fungal propagules of dark septate endophytes and mycorrhizal-arbuscular fungi in soils affected by rodent activity. Together, these changes promote soil parceling by creating microniches, which once abandoned, could act as "islands of opportunity" for the establishment and growth of new plants. In addition, radical endophytic fungi dispersed in the rodent feces, were characterized by isolation and resynthesis of strains in an axenic trap plants system. A total of 129 isolates were obtained from the roots of the trap plants, of which 51 were classified as dematiaceous fungi by their morphological characters. The rest were identified within taxa of cosmopolitan distribution such as Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Penicillium and Alternaria. 20% of the isolations obtained corresponded to coprophilous fungi belonging to the genus Zopfiella, which were characterized taxonomically at the molecular level. These fungi had the peculiarity of growing in two XI niches: the rodent feces and the rhizosphere and/or interior of the root, completing their life cycle in both systems. Zopfiella strains colonized extensively the plants’ rhizosphere with a dense and conspicuous mycelial network, without producing any symptom of disease. Some strains also colonized the interior of the roots, behaving similarly to Dark septate endophytes (DSE). In resynthesis assays of the isolates of DSE, Zopfiella strains displayed the particularity to colonize profusely the rhizosphere and/or the interior of the roots without exhibiting symptoms of disease. The isolations of this group were characterized in terms of their capacity to colonize and to complete their life cycle in both niches, rhizospheric and coprophylic (associated with rodent feces). At the same time, physiological variables associated with their potential as bioinoculants were evaluated, such as the production of indoles, enzymes, phosphorus solubilization and mineralization of nitrogen compounds. Field evaluations at the sampling site have demonstrated the presence of these fungi in seedlings of native species of soils disturbed by the rodent. This thesis shows that rodents significantly modify physicochemical and microbiological parameters of disturbed soil, increasing the fungal flora, particularly the propagules of radical endophytes and of typically coprophilous taxa that behave like DSE.
Fil: Miranda, María Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; Argentina
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APA 7
Miranda, M. V. (2019). Dispersión de hongos endófitos radicales por el roedor subterráneo Ctenomys knigthi y el efecto sobre plantas nativas del Desierto del Monte riojano. CONICET Digital. http://hdl.handle.net/11336/82939
MLA
Miranda, María Victoria. Dispersión de hongos endófitos radicales por el roedor subterráneo Ctenomys knigthi y el efecto sobre plantas nativas del Desierto del Monte riojano. CONICET Digital, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11336/82939.
Chicago
Miranda, María Victoria. 2019. Dispersión de hongos endófitos radicales por el roedor subterráneo Ctenomys knigthi y el efecto sobre plantas nativas del Desierto del Monte riojano. CONICET Digital. http://hdl.handle.net/11336/82939.
Harvard
Miranda, M. V. 2019, Dispersión de hongos endófitos radicales por el roedor subterráneo Ctenomys knigthi y el efecto sobre plantas nativas del Desierto del Monte riojano, CONICET Digital, available at: http://hdl.handle.net/11336/82939 [Accessed 28 Jun. 2026].
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- Título
- Dispersión de hongos endófitos radicales por el roedor subterráneo Ctenomys knigthi y el efecto sobre plantas nativas del Desierto del Monte riojano
- Autor / colaboradores
- Miranda, María Victoria
- Editorial
- CONICET Digital
- Año de publicación
- 2019
- Idioma
- spa
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