On the evolution of particle size distributions during the bulk synthesis of high-impact polystyrene using PBM: Towards morphology and phase inversion prediction

"The mechanism of the phase inversion (PI) process that occurs during the bulk polymerization of High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) is studied in this article. Transmission electron micrographs (TEM) were obtained for different operating conditions, varying initiator concentration, temperature, and stirring speed from a previous work. Particle size distributions were retrieved from such micrographs, and were compared to theoretical predictions. To this end, a population balance model, coupled with a heterogeneous polymerization module, was developed. The evolution of particle growth, break-up and coalescence is discussed to assess the breakage/coalescence imbalance that is thought to occur at the inversion point. Results indicate that a different criterion for PI seems to be needed in this system."