Proceedings from the CIHLMU 2025 symposium: the role of artificial intelligence in health systems strengthening to achieve One Health

Abstract The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly advancing, and AI tools are being integrated into many aspects of daily life, including medical care and public health. The full extent to which AI related tools can be implemented in order to strengthen health systems are a matter of continued debate. The Center for International Health at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität’s (CIHLMU) 2025 student-led symposium on "The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Health Systems Strengthening to Achieve One Health" deliberated on the transformative potential of AI in global health. The primary focus of the symposium was to explore how AI can be leveraged to strengthen health systems. Presentations were delivered by health experts on AI from Africa and Europe. The event provided a platform for experts and students to discuss how AI can be harnessed to improve healthcare delivery, disease surveillance, and research. Discussions resonated around AI health-related research, responsible AI integration, advocacy for AI-related policies, and challenges associated with AI integration in health, such as data privacy and the need for robust governance frameworks. Emphasis was placed on the importance of context-specific implementation, interdisciplinary collaboration, and robust governance to ensure AI’s responsible integration into One Health approaches. The symposium concluded that AI holds immense promise to strengthen health systems by improving efficiency, equity, and responsiveness. However, ethical, infrastructural, and regulatory challenges must be addressed, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).