Serpientes cretácicas y paleógenas de Argentina: Paleoecología y paleoclimas
Trivino, Laura Natalia · CONICET Digital · 2018
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The aim of the present thesis work is the anatomical analysis of unpublished remains of Cretaceous and Paleogene snakes from Argentina, as well as the updated review of the spacial and temporal distribution of South American Cretaceous and Paleogene snakes, within the framework of evolution of climate conditions and continental fauna. The anatomical analysis of cranial and postcranial remains of the Cretaceous snake Dinilysia patagonica was carried out, including the redescription of the holotype vertebrae and the study of a natural endocast. The study included stuff from a new Santonian locality (Barreales Norte) of Neuquén Province (Bajo de la Carpa Fm), bearing out the presence of these species at the north of the Neuquén River. For the first time, the soft anatomy of the central nervous system of a fossil snake is documented, based on the endocast preserved in one of the specimens. For the comprehension of this soft anatomy, recent specimens of snakes were dissected, analyzed and then their endocasts were meticulously compared. Medium to large size estimation, cranial and vertebral anatomy, and their central nervous system morphology, allow us to uphold that Dinilysia patagonica would have had a semi-fossorial lifestyle. Referring to the Paleocene, a new species of snake (Taxon A) was described. It was attributable to the extinct family Madtsoiidae, coming from late Paleocene-Early Eocene (Fm Mealla) stratigraphic levels near Mina Aguilar, Jujuy province. With this snake the record of South American madtsoids increases, and the first record of a fossil snake from the argentinian Northwest is set up. The post-cranial skeleton of this snake, which is preserved almost completely, was analyzed in detail and compared to other madtsoids'. The estimate of a smaller than two meters size (small to medium), its robust texture with relatively large vertebrae, and an extremely short tail suggest a generalized terrestrial lifestyle. The phylogenetic relationships of Taxon A indicate that it would have been a basal element to the clade composed by the smaller sized forms of madtsoids, among which the Patagonian Cretaceous species Alamitophis argentinus, A. elongatus and Patagoniophis parvus are included. The Cretaceous and Paleocene snakes records from South America shows that the greatest taxonomic and numerical diversity is found in Brazil and argentinian Patagonia, which even share common genera for the Paleocene, while in the North of South America the findings are very scarce and include taxa different from those of more southern regions. Out of the five snake taxa that are recognized in the Cretaceous, only the Madtsoiidae and the Anilioidea overcome the K-P extinction. It is noted that although Cretaceous snakes lived under temperatures far superior from those of the Paleocene, they were smaller sized than some of the same period snakes that reached gigantic dimensions. In the Paleocene, with a arrangement of the continent similar to the present one, the diversity of snakes increases towards the Upper Paleocene-Lower-Middle Eocene, when the highest diversity of snakes is reached for South America. This peak of diversity is consistent with the highest maximum temperature of the Paleocene when the warm marine circulation that started at the geographical equator and headed towards the poles, maintained temperatures and tropical-subtropical environments until the south of Patagonia favoring the existence of large specimens. These snakes with a lenght close to ten meters would have occupied a very important ecological niche as predators in the mammal communities in which they lived. After this favorable period began a period of more hostile climates given by the opening of the passage of Drake, which only provided remains of a madtsoiid snake, which represents the only snake recorded in the South American Oligocene extending the biochron of this family in the región.
Fil: Trivino, Laura Natalia. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Departamento Científico de Paleontología de Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina
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APA 7
Trivino, L. N. (2018). Serpientes cretácicas y paleógenas de Argentina: Paleoecología y paleoclimas. CONICET Digital. http://hdl.handle.net/11336/91746
MLA
Trivino, Laura Natalia. Serpientes cretácicas y paleógenas de Argentina: Paleoecología y paleoclimas. CONICET Digital, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11336/91746.
Chicago
Trivino, Laura Natalia. 2018. Serpientes cretácicas y paleógenas de Argentina: Paleoecología y paleoclimas. CONICET Digital. http://hdl.handle.net/11336/91746.
Harvard
Trivino, L. N. 2018, Serpientes cretácicas y paleógenas de Argentina: Paleoecología y paleoclimas, CONICET Digital, available at: http://hdl.handle.net/11336/91746 [Accessed 24 Jun. 2026].
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- Título
- Serpientes cretácicas y paleógenas de Argentina: Paleoecología y paleoclimas
- Autor / colaboradores
- Trivino, Laura Natalia
- Editorial
- CONICET Digital
- Año de publicación
- 2018
- Idioma
- spa
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