Social and Economic Effects of the Medicalization of Old Age and Aging

Processes of medicalization touch every area of life, not surprisingly taking into their interest last stages of human life – ageing and dying. Changes in the demographic situation in the developed countries caused rapid growth of the population aged 65+. It generates new challenges in various areas including medical, economic, educating and services. “Silver population” becomes visible, but it is excluded from some parts of life. Visibility of old age may be one of the causes of so‑called “gerontophobia”. Ineffectiveness of some institutions dedicated to seniors give place for medicine to take control over ageing processes. The medicalization of old age effects with variety of consequences which will be described in the scope of this article. The first and the second section describe the idea of the medicalization of old age and aging, showing main dimensions and aspects. In the third one, one can find main examples of this process relating to old people. The next section depicts selected examples of health expenditures in Poland and other countries. In the fifth part one finds medical, economic and social consequences of the medicalization of old age. Perceiving old age as a pathology causes raising exclusion of the elderly people; they are labelled and treated stereotypically. In the economic dimension old age seen as a disease creates new costs. Old persons perceived through the lens of their diseases become an easy target for the pharma industry, which generates new consequences. Awareness of those multidimensional relations is needed to effective planning and application of the best suited solutions for seniors.