A Decade of cGAS Discovery: Point of Convergence in Oral Diseases

ABSTRACT: Introduction and aims: To provide the research progress on the cGAS-STING signalling pathway and its related roles in various oral diseases. Methods: We reviewed the recent research on cGAS-STING in PubMed. This article summarises recent research achievements in the discovery and confirmation of the cGAS-STING signalling pathway, as well as its biological and immunological roles in various diseases. Results: The cGAS-STING pathway and its associated cytokines play a crucial role in host immunity. It plays various roles in antiviral infections and autoimmune diseases, while also playing an important role in tumour surveillance and cellular aging processes. Research has shown that the cGAS-STING pathway affects various oral diseases such as periodontitis, pulp infections, oral mucosal diseases, maxillofacial tumours and many others. Conclusion: The cGAS-STING pathway plays a crucial role in various diseases, and its excessive activation often leads to immune dysregualtion. The role of cGAS-STING in oral diseases needs to be further elucidated Clinical Relevance: The cGAS-STING pathway represents a promising target for the development of new therapeutic strategies for a range of oral diseases.