Institutional Model of The National Legislative Body: Smart Regulations and Regulatory Guillotine as Solutions to Hyper-Regulation in Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the institutional design of regulatory management bodies in various countries and assess their applicability to the Indonesian context, particularly in overcoming hyper-regulation and regulatory disharmony. The study formulates strategic recommendations to establish a centralized regulatory agency to streamline the legislative process and improve cross-sector coordination. Using a qualitative embedded case study approach, the research combines a systematic literature review and comparative analysis focused on institutional structure and implementation outcomes, enriched by triangulation of Indonesian regulatory data: The study identified that in Indonesia, the fragmentation of 3,618 central regulations and 15,982 regional regulations emphasizes the urgency of establishing a National Legislation Agency (BLN) to consolidate authority, eliminate redundancies, and implement ex post evaluation. The findings recommend legal reforms to establish a National Legislation Agency by transforming (Badan Pembinaan Hukum Nasional – BPHN) into BLN or establishing a new agency. The implications of the main policy include, enactment of the regulatory alignment law that adopts the one in, two out principle, the establishment of a regulatory sandbox for policy trials in priority sectors, and increased bureaucratic capacity through training based on international best practices.