Effect of smoking on thyroid diseases in older people

Abstract<br /> In the present work thyroid hormones determined in older patients with hyper- and hypothyroidism compared with control. The results demonstrated a significant increase in the level of both Thyroxin and <br /> Tri iodo thyronine in hyperthyroidism patients, While a significant decrease in thyroxin in hypothyroidism compared with control. The research, involved also study effect of smoking on thyroid hormones. <br /> The result also demonstrated a significant increase in level of thyroxin in the smoker hyperthyroidism patients compared with non smoker, the result demonstrated increase of the percentage in the hyper- and hypothyroidism with the increase in the (smoking period and cigarettes number per/day and It is increased in females with hyperthyroidism compared with males while it is decreased in female compared to male with hypothyroidism.