Evaluation of relationship between ion release dynamics and chemical changes of five fluoride release restorative materials

Background/Aim: The role of ions in prevention of dental caries has been demonstrated in numerous studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the amount of released ions from different restorative materials using ion selective electrode (ISE) and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and assess the chemical changes in the material using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Material and Methods: Six plates were left in the contact with deionised water which was replaced everyday during the first 10 days, and on every tenth day for a period of 90 days. Concentrations of sodium, silicium, strontium, calcium, aluminium and phosphorus ions were analysed using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry and fluoride ions were assessed using ion-selective electrode. Energy dispersive spectroscopy was utilized to study the weight percentages of elements through investigated materials. Results: Significant decrease in fluoride release has been observed between all tested materials during first four days (p<0.05). Apart from sodium, cumulative amount of released fluoride, silicium, strontium, calcium, aluminium and phosphorus ions was t½ dependent. Mean weight percentage of fluoride was the highest in GC Equia, while the highest weight percentage of strontium was observed in case of GC Fuji IX and GC Fuji II. Conclusions: The pull of strontium was obvious in the middle of investigated materials GC Fuji IX, CG Equia and Ketac N100 may enhance the fluoride release, which may have crucial role in caries prevention.