Treatment of anasarca in neonatal American Bully dogs - case report

ABSTRACT Fetal anasarca is a congenital disorder commonly described in brachycephalic breeds, characterized by generalized edema, which may be associated with cardiac, lymphatic, hepatic or renal malformations. As it is considered a defect with often lethal prognosis, it is a condition that is often neglected in clinical routine, since many animals do not receive adequate treatment. Thus, the objective of this report was to describe the treatment of anasarca in newborn American Bully dogs and discuss the possible cause of this defect in the litter. Four neonates presented generalized edema at birth, and treatment was initiated with furosemide, subcutaneously, every three hours. After six administrations of the drug, the neonates reached the ideal weight, with no generalized edema. In the complementary exams, renal alterations were followed by ultrasound, demonstrating altered cortico-medullary relationships, with a report describing a possible congenital nephropathy, suggestive of renal dysplasia. Urea and creatinine were within normal limits for age. Quarterly monitoring of renal changes was recommended. This report demonstrates that treatment of anasarca is possible, and the clinical response of the animal will depend on the underlying cause. Furosemide was effective in treating the generalized edema in this litter. Immediate identification and intervention are essential for the survival of these patients.