Amorphous Alloys Synthesızed by Hıgh-Energy Mıllıng: A Study on theır Applıcatıons as Bıomaterıals

In this work, the amorphous alloys Co₆₉Nb₂₃B₈, Fe₇₈Si₉B₁₃, Co₆₈Cu₂₃B₉, and Fe₆₄Nb₂₈B₈ were synthesized by high-energy mechanical milling (HEM) and investigated as promising biomaterials for bone tissue regeneration. The synthesis was carried out with a 20 g powder load, a ball-to-powder weight ratio of 20:1, a rotation speed of 300 rpm, and a total milling time of 15 h, using ethyl alcohol (C₂H₆O) as a process control agent and an inert argon atmosphere. The amorphous alloys were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), textural analysis, SEM, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA-DTA), magnetic measurements (VSM), mechanical testing, and in vitro cytotoxicity assays. Swelling degree analyses showed favorable results, indicating the potential biomedical applicability of the amorphous Co- and Fe-based alloys. Cytotoxicity tests revealed that the safe concentration, at which cell viability exceeded 70%, demonstrates promising potential for the use of these materials as metallic biomaterials for bone tissue regeneration and temporary orthopedic implants.