Sensitization with Eustrongylides sp. (Nematoda: Dioctophymatidae) antigens induce production of specific IgG and IgE in murine model

Abstract Fish consumption plays an important role in human diet. Hoplias malabaricus, commonly known as traíra, is a freshwater fish widely appreciated in several Brazilian states and frequently infected by Eustrongylides sp. fourth-instar larvae (L4). The aim of the present study was to evaluate allergenic potential of Eustrongylides sp. L4 crude extract (CEE). BALB/c mice were immunized intraperitoneally (IP) by 10 μg CEE with 2 mg of aluminum hydroxide on days 0 and 35. Specific IgG and IgE antibody levels were determined after immunization and cellular immunity was evaluated by assessing intradermal reaction in ear pavilion. Epicutaneous sensitization was performed in dorsal region by antigen exposure using a Finn-type chamber containing 50 μg of CEE or saline solution, followed by evaluation of specific antibody levels. IP immunization resulted in a gradual increase in IgG antibody levels and transitory IgE production. Significant increase in ear thickness was observed in cellular hypersensitivity reaction. In case of antigen exposure by epicutaneous route, CEE was able to induce meaningfully increased levels of specific IgG and IgE antibodies as well as heightened cellular immunity. Both intraperitoneal immunization and epicutaneous contact with Eustrongylides sp. larval antigens were observed for first time to be capable of inducing immunological sensitization in mice.