Počátky muslimských menšin ve střední Evropě

The research has been focused on Central Europe in the “long 19th century”. As to the previous history, a_small community of (Lipka) Tatars is attested in Poland since more than 600 years. For Hungary both Latin and Arabic sources point even deeper but the data about the Muslims’ identity and history are rather vacillating. Better information is available concerning the Ottoman expansion reaching as far as Southern parts of present-day Slovakia. In the 19th century relations between Christian Europe and Islam changed on both sides, which encouraged Muslims to settle even in countries of their erstwhile enemies. The paper gives an account of conversions to Islam and of stimuli for Muslims’ migration to the Habsburg monarchy and its successor states. They comprise a_demographic factor and the Austrian occupation and annexation of Bosnia, followed by the Laws on Islam adopted in 1912 and 1916. The paper concludes with a_brief outline of the rise of new Muslim communities in the region after the world wars.