Psychological Adjustment of Children with Cancer: Relapse and Survival Perspectives

Abstract In Brazil, few studies have investigated the psychological aspects of childhood cancer. The aim of this article was to compare the psychological adjustment of children with cancer from different survival perspectives with that of children without cancer, besides examining potential risk factors. The sample consisted of 179 participants (6-14 years-old) recruited in two Brazilian public hospitals and three schools, and divided in three groups (relapsed, survivors and control). Children answered orally the self-reported Behavior Assessment Scale for Children, the Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale and Piers-Harris’ Self-Concept Scale. No differences were found between groups regarding school and clinical maladjustment, personal adjustment, emotional symptoms and self-concept. Findings also showed positive associations between psychological maladjustment and gender, younger age, lower household income, single parenthood and lower levels of parental education. Conclusions indicate that children with cancer adapt well to the disease and do not present more psychological problems than controls.