A review of artificial intelligence of things technologies and applications in the chemical industry

Artificial intelligence of things (AIoT) has become an important enabling technology for the chemical industry, especially in online monitoring and intelligent inspection, equipment management, and predictive maintenance, providing strong support for the transition toward Industry 5.0. From the perspective of AIoT system architecture, the recent progress of key technologies was reviewed, including data acquisition at the perception layer, data transmission at the network layer, data processing at the edge and platform layers, and control and actuation at the execution layer. Typical application scenarios in the chemical industry were further analyzed to summarize the deployment effectiveness and technical pathways of AIoT in real production environments. The analysis indicates that AIoT can significantly enhance state perception, anomaly identification, predictive analysis, and collaborative control under complex operating conditions. However, challenges remain in heterogeneous data management, model generalization and interpretability, secure communication, and large-scale engineering deployment. Future research should focus on cloud-edge-end collaborative intelligence, lightweight and adaptive deployment, and physics-data hybrid modeling for safety-oriented closed-loop optimization.