Syzygium cumini extract in Tris-yolk extender improves post-thaw bovine semen quality

ABSTRACT The objective was to evaluate the supplementation of jambolan extract (Syzygium cumini) to the Tris-yolk extender used for bovine semen freezing. Concentrations of 1, 5, 10, and 20mM of the extract were tested in experimental extenders. The study was conducted using semen from four bulls, followed by the assessment of sperm kinetics via the CASA system, plasma and acrosomal membrane integrity, mitochondrial potential, and quantification of malondialdehyde (MDA) as a marker of lipid peroxidation. The concentrations of 5 and 10mM stood out for promoting higher total and progressive motility, as well as superior VCL, BCF, and hyperactivation indices. Although no statistical differences were observed for plasma and acrosomal membrane integrity, overall preservation of the evaluated parameters was noted. Mitochondrial potential was reduced to extreme concentrations (1 and 20mM), remaining stable at 5 and 10mM. Furthermore, all treatments with the extract significantly reduced MDA concentration compared to the control, suggesting effective antioxidant protection. Jambolan extract preserved sperm viability post-cryopreservation, with reduced oxidative stress and maintenance of cellular functions.