Personality Types A and B Among Patients with Cardiovascular Disease in Khorramabad, West Iran

Background/Objectives. Personality traits can influence the morbidity of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This study aimed to examine the prevalence of Type A and Type B personality patterns among hospitalized patients with CVDs in Khorramabad (a settlement of the Lur people in western Iran) and to explore associations with demographic and clinical factors.Methods. This descriptive cross-sectional study included 180 patients with CVDs (mean age: 55.44 ± 11.94 years) admitted to Shahid Madani Hospital, Khorramabad, in 2020. Data were collected using a two-part questionnaire: the first part recorded age, sex, smoking status, type of CVD, and history of diabetes, and the second part assessed personality type (A/B) using a standardized inventory. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 22 using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests.Results. Of the 180 participants, 99 were men and 81 were women. The majority had hypertension (n = 82; 45.5%), a history of smoking (n = 107; 59.4%), and no history of diabetes (n = 111; 61.7%). Overall, 41 patients (22.8%) exhibited Type B personality and 139 (77.2%) exhibited Type A personality. A significant association was observed between personality type and type of CVD (p = 0.002), but no significant differences were found regarding age, gender, smoking status, or history of diabetes.Conclusion. Consistent with findings from other countries, individuals of the Lur ethnicity in western Iran with Type A personality appear to be at greater risk of developing CVDs. Psychological interventions should be considered alongside physical treatments to address unhealthy behaviors that may worsen disease outcomes.