Reconstructing Islamic-Based Community Organization Governance for Balanced Public Order

The tension between freedom of association and public order in Indonesia reflects structural legal, ethical, and institutional challenges, particularly as some community organizations engage in intimidation, extortion, and violations of minority rights. Existing legalistic-punitive approaches remain insufficient, as they focus on symptoms rather than underlying causes and lack a strong ethical foundation for sustainable compliance.This study aims to formulate an Islamic values-based governance model that is culturally grounded and capable of strengthening legitimacy and accountability within Indonesia’s democratic context. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach, data were collected through policy document analysis, digital media review, and in-depth interviews with key informants from major Islamic organizations. The study integrates three theoretical frameworks: Maslahah Theory, Civil Society Theory, and Good Governance Theory. Findings indicate that organizational legitimacy is not primarily determined by formal compliance, but by the ability to realize ......