Isolation Enhancement in Quad Port MIMO Antenna Using PBG Substrate in THz Region

Abstract In this paper, the design of a 4 element MIMO antenna system for Terahertz (THz) communication applications is reported. The proposed antenna system is engineered with a focus on enhancing isolation between closely spaced antenna elements. Our approach leverages a photonic bandgap (PBG) substrate to suppress mutual coupling and improve isolation performance. 2x2 MIMO with patch dimension of 510×570×40 µm3, is designed to operate in the frequency of 2.4 THz. The return loss, isolation, radiation pattern, Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) and Total Active Reflection Coefficient (TARC) are further analyzed by incorporating PBG. The proposed antenna produces the return loss as -32.97 dB and a gain of 3.69 dB. Moreover, the mutual coupling is less than -32.54 dB. The proposed antenna system offers promising prospects for advancing THz communication networks, enabling high-speed data transmission and reliable connectivity in future wireless communication systems.