Biological effects of external polysaccharide (EPS) isolated from Sinorhizobium meliloti bacteria on tissue culture of Fenugreek plant

Abstract<br /> External Polysacchariede has been extracted from Sinorhizobium meliloti which is known for its symbiotic relation with Legume plant Trigonella foenum-graecum. This (EPS) has been added with the following concentrations: 0.0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 mg/l to solidified Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium, to study its effect on callus initiation from roots, stems, and leaves of Trigonella foenum-graecum. It has been shown that all these concentrations did not have any effect on callus induction from the roots of this plant. While the concentration (0.1) mg/l.; was the best one that stimulated callus formation from stems and leaves explants since the percentage of callus induction were 50 and 62.5% respectively. This concentration of EPS was added to the treatments that contain both auxin and cytokinin in MS medium.the results showed thata a white callus was formed from stems and leaves explants after two weeks of culture on solidified MS medium containing 0.1 mg /L of both EPS and NAA with differentiation of roots from leaves' callus. Moreover, there was an increase in the protein content of stem's callus and leaves to reach by 0.27, 0.35 mg/L respectively as compared to protein content (0.03, 0.11 and 0.02, 0.09 mg/ L) of callus initiated from stems and leaves explants which were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L EPS and 0.2 mg/L BA and 0.1 mg/L EPS, 0.2 mg/L BA, 0.1 mg/L NAA respectively after 3 and 5 weeks of culture.