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The Drosophila I-Smad Dad uses MH1-mediated transcriptional regulation in wing tissue but both MH1- and MH2-mediated mechanisms in neurons. Inhibitory Smads (I-Smads) regulate TGF-β/BMP signaling through multiple distin...

ABSTRACT The growing demand for rare‐earth elements (REEs), particularly dysprosium (Dy), underscores the need for sustainable extraction methods. Recovery of Dy, particularly from geographically distributed waste sour...

Abstract Background Periodontal disease exhibits bidirectional associations with autoimmune diseases; however, comprehensive histological, radiographic, and correlational differences in periodontal tissues between patien...

Phytate (salts of myo-inositol hexakisphosphate) represents 65–90 % of total phosphorus in the grains, yet its accurate quantification in plant samples remains challenging. In this study, a novel ion chromatography met...

Background23-Hydroxybetulinic acid (23-HBA), a key bioactive compound in the traditional Chinese herb Pulsatilla chinensis, has garnered substantial scientific interest due to its potent antitumor activity. However, the ...

Li Tao,1,2,* Meiling Tai,3,* Zhuang Zhou,3 Zhenwen Chen,1 Rongjinlei Zhang,1 Yuanlong Ge,1 Zhenyu Ju1 1Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative...

Abstract Background Aging alters the systemic steroid environment, including reductions in circulating androgens. In peripheral tissues, androgen exposure is regulated mainly by local steroid metabolism, which can activa...

Abstract Canine degenerative myelopathy (DM) is an adult-onset neurodegenerative disease considered a spontaneous model of human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Neuroinflammation occurs in both DM and ALS, and cross...

Keyuan Zhao,1 Yanjiao Jiang2 1The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, People’s Republic of China; 2The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Med...

Abstract B-cell translocation gene 3 (BTG3), a tumor suppressor, is reduced in expression in several malignancies, including ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer, and gastric cancer, but its role in oral squamous cell carci...

Abstract Objective Intestinal organoids serve as important tools for drug screening, but the extent to which they recapitulate in vivo tissue microenvironments and drug responses remains inadequately evaluated. This s...

The secretion of chemokines by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) is a critical driver of cancer progression. Nevertheless, the precise contribution of CAFs in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tumor microenvironment ...

Abstract IL-22, a signature cytokine for type 3 lymphoid cells, including T helper 17/22 (Th17/22) and type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3), mediates epithelial homeostasis and protective pathogen responses in barrier tis...

Abstract Background Rodents are reservoirs of zoonotic viruses that significantly threaten public health. This study investigated the RNA virome of 624 rodents collected across six ecological zones in Yunnan Province, Ch...

Abstract Background Soil salinization severely restricts the growth and forage yield of Medicago sativa (alfalfa), a globally critical leguminous forage crop, yet the regulatory mechanisms governing its salt tolerance re...

Chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP) is a widespread inflammatory and destructive disease of periodontal tissues that leads to progressive destruction of supporting structures of the teeth and tooth loss. One of the k...

Abstract Cisplatin (CISP) is a platinum-based chemotherapeutic drugs that are commonly used to treat several types of cancers. However, its clinical application faces several hurdles that could limit its clinical efficie...

Abstract Periodontitis is the most prevalent chronic inflammatory condition affecting oral health and is associated with long treatment duration. It is triggered by microbial plaque, which leads to localized and diffuse ...

Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents a group of chronic and relapsing inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, primarily encompassing Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis ...

IntroductionPennycress (Thlaspi arvense L.) is an emerging intermediate oilseed crop grown in the offseason between primary summer crops to produce three cash crops in two years. Previous efforts to improve seed oil qual...

Abstract Background Tumor cells rely on enhanced glycolytic capacity to facilitate cell growth and progression. However, the molecular mechanisms governing glycolysis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remain largel...

Cadmium (Cd) accumulation in rice poses a serious threat to food safety. While soil amendments with manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) can reduce Cd accumulation in rice, their distinct modes of action remain unclear, hinderin...

Abstract Background Lupus nephritis (LN) is driven by podocyte pyroptosis triggered by NLRP3 inflammasome activation, yet the dual regulatory mechanisms—transcriptional control by the AP-1 complex (c-JUN/c-FOS heterodi...

The development of anti-CD3 antibody-based T cell engager therapeutics has improved the treatment of various malignancies, yet the challenge of achieving tumor-specific targeting while minimizing on-target off-tumor effe...