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We present the case of a 50-year-old man with a history of rheumatoid arthritis, chronic bronchitis, with a history of multiple lung infections, including Mycobacterium avium complex and Aspergillus terreus starting in h...

The N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) is released in response to volume expansion and/or increased tension on cardiac ventricular myocytes. In non-uremic patients, NT-pro-BNP is a useful diagnostic an...

Aging is a complex biological process characterized by progressive functional decline and increased vulnerability to age-related diseases, particularly neurodegenerative disorders. At the biological level, aging is chara...

ObjectiveChronic pain, a major global public health burden, is primarily driven by altered central pain processing, which conventional treatments rarely target directly. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesiz...

Sleep loss decreases working memory (WM) performance in young adults. The mechanisms that regulate WM performance during sleep loss are integrative and likely depend on the duration of perturbed sleep. The aim of this re...

Abstract Cognitive dysfunction is a common symptom of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and Huntington’s disease, and is known to be caused by the structural and function...

The electroencephalogram (EEG) is an electrophysiological monitoring method that allows us to glimpse the electrical activity of the brain. Neural oscillations patterns are perhaps the best salient feature of EEG as they...

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) is the most abundant neurotrophin in the central nervous system with essential roles in neurodevelopment and maintenance of healthy brain function. Accordingly, BDNF has been sugg...

BackgroundSleep disruption(SD) has been shown to amplify inflammatory signaling and promote pain hypersensitivity, but how inflammation interacts with brain functional alterations to drive pain sensitization remains uncl...

Abstract Hybrid Brain–Computer Interface (BCI) systems that combine electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) achieve higher classification accuracy but face computational bottlenec...

Abstract Background Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate stage between normal cognitive aging and dementia. People with MCI have a higher risk of developing dementia than normal healthy people. Improving th...

Abstract The development of trustworthy AI models is crucial, particularly for critical medical applications such as brain tumor detection using MRI images. However, medical images are being increasingly targeted by adve...

During aging, the brain undergoes changes that impair cognitive capacity and circuit plasticity, including a marked decrease in production of adult-born hippocampal neurons. It is unclear whether development and integrat...

Perinatal asphyxia (PA) is a primary cause of neonatal morbidity, with persistent neurological sequelae, associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and redox imbalance. The lack of experimental approaches for region-speci...

There is a growing interest in the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for implementing regenerative medicine in the brain as they have shown neurogenic and immunomodulatory activities. We assessed the effect of i...

Abstract The gut-brain axis encompasses a bidirectional communication pathway between the gastrointestinal microbiota and the central nervous system. There is some evidence to suggest that probiotics may have a positive ...

Abstract Background Takotsubo syndrome (broken-heart syndrome) is considered a cardiac disorder typically associated with exposure to severe psychological or physical stress, and it clinically resembles acute coronary sy...

Abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by multifocal inflammation and axonal degeneration, driven by innate and adaptive immune cells. Th...

Abstract Background Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating multisystem disease characterized by heterogeneous symptom patterns. Previous work suggested that specific symptoms tend t...

Abstract Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating neurological condition with high mortality and morbidity. Despite advancements in medical and surgical treatments, the long-term prognosis of ICH remains poor. Ste...

Abstract High-density, long-term stable decoding of whole-brain function is crucial for advancing basic neuroscience research and developing neural disorder therapies. However, two major challenges remain: the lack of sc...

In this study, an analysis is made of the process of adapting and standardising the Luria-Christense neuropsychological set of tests for use by Brazilian children, teenagers and adults. The process is characterised by re...

Introduction According to modern scholars (N. Maslova, B. Astafiev), one of the important reasons for the global planetary crisis, including modern educational system in particular, is violation of the conformity of natu...

Abstract Background Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-2 (TREM2) signaling promotes disease-associated microglia (DAM) and phagocytosis in neurodegenerative diseases. Traditional anti-TREM2 agonist antibodies ...