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Abstract IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic inflammatory condition marked by tissue infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells, often resulting in fibrosis. While IgG4-RD commonly affects organs such as the pan...

Abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by multifocal inflammation and axonal degeneration, driven by innate and adaptive immune cells. Th...

In the central nervous system (CNS), programmed cell death (PCD) of neurons, is precisely regulated by various biomolecules to maintain neuronal development, establish neural structures, and maintain CNS homeostasis. Und...

Abstract Background Obesity has emerged as a major global health issue, affecting multiple organ systems. Within the central nervous system obesity causes a series of disruptions that can significantly affect neurologica...

BackgroundMS and NMOSD are chronic demyelinating diseases related to demyelinating attacks on the central nervous system which limit quality of life and predisposes patients to developing anxiety and depression which, in...

Growing evidence has directly linked the gastrointestinal tract, gut microbiota, and central nervous system, forming the gut-brain axis, a process that has been described as a key mechanism in regulating neurological pro...

Neurotransmitters play fundamental regulatory roles within the central nervous system (CNS), where they modulate neuronal signaling and maintain neural network homeostasis. Beyond their classical functions in the CNS, th...

Abstract Background Diffuse astrocytoma (DA) is the most common intraparenchymal brain tumor, primarily occurring in the frontal and temporal lobes. However, its occurrence in the lateral ventricles is rare. Case present...

We present the case of a lady in her early 20s who developed over a few weeks progressive appendicular and limb ataxia and dysarthria. She was found to have a high titer of voltage-gated calcium channel antibodies (VGCCA...

Abstract Background Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-2 (TREM2) signaling promotes disease-associated microglia (DAM) and phagocytosis in neurodegenerative diseases. Traditional anti-TREM2 agonist antibodies ...

Abstract Background Myosin heavy chain (MyHC)-related congenital myopathies display variable age of onset and clinical manifestations depending on the mutated isoform. Cardiomyopathy, ophthalmoplegia and primarily proxim...

Abstract The field of regenerative medicine for Parkinson’s disease (PD) has reached a pivotal moment. After decades of preclinical research, recent first-in-human clinical trials demonstrated that cell replacement the...

Abstract Background Spinocerebellar ataxias comprise a group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia with clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Autosomal recessive spinocerebellar atax...

BackgroundStroke remains a leading cause of long-term disability worldwide. Acupuncture has been increasingly integrated into post-stroke rehabilitation programs, yet evidence regarding combined acupuncture protocols rem...

Abstract Background Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is a rare and progressive neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by extreme clinical heterogeneity that frequently results in diagnostic delays. Whil...

As the prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and allergic rhinitis (AR) continues to rise worldwide, more and more patients are reporting a lower quality of life. In addition to causing common nasal symptoms such as...

ObjectiveTo investigate the prognostic value of blood pressure variability (BPV) combined with serum tau protein in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).MethodsA total of 205 TBI patients were prospectively enrolle...

ObjectivesCerebral edema (CED) significantly exacerbates mortality in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and can offset the benefits of endovascular therapy. Uric acid (UA) is recognized for its potential neuropro...

Abstract Background Blood-based biomarkers could improve the precision of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) clinical diagnosis and expand access to targeted treatments. Therefore, we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of plasma ...

Abstract Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a predominant cause of drug-resistant epilepsy in children, yet the neuro-immune mechanisms underlying this condition are not well understood. Through transcriptomic screening c...

Abstract Background and purpose Claudin-5 plays a crucial role in maintaining blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity through endothelial tight junction formation. Alternative splicing of claudin-5 within the microvascular e...

Abstract Background As cases of neurosyphilis are rising worldwide – especially in people living with HIV (PLWH) – current data on clinical presentation, diagnostics and management of neurosyphilis in Europe are of h...

Abstract Background Current understanding of the fluid biomarker profile in early-onset Alzheimer’s disease (EOAD) associated with pathogenic APP variants remains limited. We characterized four EOAD pedigrees carrying ...