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Water build-up has continued to be one of the leading causes of performance variability and loss of durability in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), especially at the high current density and transient operati...

In blasting design, blasting parameters poorly match the actual blast area, while manual adjustments result in low efficiency and suboptimal borehole layout. This study therefore proposes a borehole layout optimization a...

Cadmium poses severe threats to ecosystems and human health due to its high toxicity and bioaccumulative nature. The global regulatory limits for Cd are often low at 0.1-0.6 mg kg−1, which is 1 to 2 orders of magnitude...

Enterocutaneous fistulas (ECFs) are among the most devastating complications in surgical practice. Management requires a multidisciplinary approach focused on sepsis control, nutritional optimization, fistula closure, an...

Controlling nonlinear pulse propagation in optical fibers is paramount for applications spanning spectroscopy and optical communication networks. However, the inherent complexity of laser pulse evolution in matter, shape...

BackgroundNeck-related work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are a major type of musculoskeletal disorders with a relatively high proportion. Shanghai has a large number of occupational populations; however, the...

Using historical data from blasting operations of open-pit mines to predict the average rock fragment size is crucial for optimizing blasting parameters. However, existing methods face 3 major challenges: interference fr...

Abstract Background Bacillus cereus is an emerging cause of fulminant nosocomial bacteremia in premature infants. Here we aimed to report the successful management of two successive waves of contamination, colonization a...

This research determines improved flight-path routes that make maximum utilization of terrain-masking opportunities, and defending radar and missile system equipment performance and launch timing constraints, in order to...

In wastewater treatment, ammonium removal is a key step which can be done biologically. One method is by coupling a partial nitritation with the Anammox process. The partial nitritation goal is to convert half of the amm...

Aviation around the world has integrated into a global system. As the integration process continues, more aspects and levels of it need to be lead towards the sustainable development of the whole system via advancing str...

The functions of the intestinal system are crucial for animal health and productivity, as they ensure digestion, nutrient absorption, immune homeostasis, and microbiota regulation. Molecular markers of the intestinal sys...

Weed species present high competitive capacity, rapid adaptability and herbicide resistance, hindering their effective control across worldwide cropping regions. Since field-conducted experiments are very time-consuming ...

Abstract Objective Current diagnostic paradigms for Crohn’s disease (CD) activity assessment remain fragmented across imaging and laboratory modalities. This study seeks to investigate the diagnostic efficacy of intest...

Abstract Robot manipulators perform a point-point task under kinematic and dynamic constraints. Due to multi-degree-of-freedom coupling characteristics, it is difficult to find a better desired trajectory. In this paper,...

Abstract High-end equipment always operate in low-speed and heavy-load working environments, highlighting the need for cam-lobe hydraulic motors with excellent speed stability (< 1 r/min) and ultrahigh-power rotary outpu...

The differences between the concepts of “tax planning”, “tax minimization” and “tax optimization” are investigated and it is established that tax minimization is the maximum reduction of all taxes, tax optimi...

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used to design and optimize small molecules. However, most current workflows remain centered on drug-candidate objectives, such as potency, ADMET, and drug-likeness, rather th...

BackgroundHeterozygous STAT3 protein variants acting by dominant-negative (DN), gain-of-function (GOF), or haploinsufficiency (HI) mechanisms have been associated with different clinical/immunological phenotypes. However...

A wall jet is a typical flow field encountered in various engineering fields, including the deviation tunnels, the bottom outlets of dams, and wastewater treatment. Appropriate prediction of wall jet characteristics is h...

The article underscores the relevance of studies devoted to problems of debt policy in Ukraine from its optimization perspective. The need to reform the domestic debt policy on the basis of advanced methodological approa...

Abstract Alkaline water electrolysis represents a promising pathway for green hydrogen production, yet comprehensive multi-physics simulation remains computationally prohibitive for practical design optimization. This st...

Abstract Conventional coherent light-field manipulation techniques inherently conflict with the spatiotemporal incoherence of thermal radiation sources. While recent advances in thermophotonics have facilitated direction...

1. Introduction and Preview 2. Generalized Gradients 3. Differential Inclusions 4. The Calculus of Variations 5. Optimal Control 6. Mathematical Programming 7. Topics in Analysis.