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Abstract Building energy consumption is dominated by lighting and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, whose operation is often inefficient due to inadequate control strategies and unreliable occupa...

Abstract Background Health insurance is essential for providing access to healthcare, particularly for older individuals. Disparities in awareness and understanding among elderly individuals in urban and rural areas may ...

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and impose a substantial financial burden on patients and their families, particularly in low-income and conflict-affec...

Abstract Grapes (Vitis vinifera) are a globally important high-value crop produced for fresh consumption, wine, and processed derivatives. Growing pressure from labor shortages, climate variability, and sustainability de...

Abstract Climate change poses significant strain on global water supplies, necessitating robust adaptive measures in irrigated agriculture to ensure food security. Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, this study provides a sys...

Abstract Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) transforms wet or dry biomass into hydrochar, generating a nutrient-rich process water, hereafter termed HTC-PW, which is often overlooked as waste. This review synthesizes curre...

Abstract Smart home networks are a rapidly evolving part of the Internet of Things (IoT), where connected devices exchange information to automate energy use, enhance comfort, and improve user safety. Despite their benef...