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Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major human pathogen that can survive to stress conditions, such as the acidic environment of inflammatory foci, and tolerates lethal pH through a mechanism known as the acid tolerance respo...

The potato periderm is the outer tissue of potato tubers that protects the tuber from pathogen attack, dehydration, and wounding during harvest and storage. It is of secondary origin and replaces the epidermis early duri...

Abstract Background Spaceflight introduces unique environmental stresses that challenge plant growth and development, necessitating an understanding of molecular responses to enable sustainable agriculture for long-durat...

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease around the world, with at least 40% global prevalence. Although genetic susceptibility contributes to disease risk...

BackgroundThe integrated stress response (ISR) can cause high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) cells to arrest in G1 phase, significantly suppressing their hyperproliferation. Nevertheless, the specific molecular mech...

Abstract Background Excessive mechanical stress is a major cause of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Macrophages can sense physical signals, but their role in responding to mechanical stress within the disc to ma...

Primary human intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) require microenvironments that reproduce various in vivo cues to maintain survival, differentiation, and function in vitro. In this study, we investigated how intestinal s...

Abstract Background Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is one of the common pathological subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer, which poses significant treatment challenges due to poor response to conventional therapie...

Soil salinity can impair carbon fixation and ultimately decrease crop yield. To counteract this detrimental effect and maintain cellular homeostasis and productivity under stress, plants rely on metabolic and growth adap...

Abstract Current therapeutic approaches for colorectal cancer (CRC) face significant limitations, including drug resistance, adverse effects, and high costs. Autocrine motility factor (AMF), the extracellular form of glu...

Sequestosome 1/p62 (hereafter referred to as p62) is a multifunctional protein that orchestrates various cellular stress response pathways including autophagy, proteasome-mediated degradation, antioxidant defense, nutrie...

In different tissues hyperosmolarity induces cell differentiation. Nevertheless an exacerbated hyperosmolar stress alters the normal cellular development. The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV-1) is a non-se...

BackgroundAluminum (Al) is a lightweight metal that is widely present in the environment and the human body. It has been documented to cause various adverse health effects including the suppression of humoral immunity.Ob...

Abstract Accumulation of amyloid beta 1–42 (Aβ42) peptide in the extracellular space in the brain is a major observation in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD)-related pathology. Astrocytes are known to play pivotal role in cl...

Abstract Background Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is linked to the progression of atherosclerosis (AS). The function of ERS-related genes (ERSRGs) in AS remains ambiguous, hence, this study sought to examined their ...

Abstract Background Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is a key lipogenic enzyme implicated in tumor progression, but its regulation in DLBC...

Background: Copper (Cu) is an essential trace metal used as a catalytic cofactor for many enzymes. However, it can have nocive effects when it participates in the Fenton reaction, producing reactive oxygen species (ROS)....

Background: Cardiac complications arising from diabetes mellitus manifest as structural and functional myocardial alterations independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. The intricate molecular underpinnings ...

ABSTRACT Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration represents a cardinal etiology of irreversible vision loss in glaucoma, where efficacious regenerative therapies remain scarce. RGC replacement therapy holds promise for ...

The aim of the work was to determine the effect of feeding a liposomal vitamin complex with zinc gluconate under heat stress (HS) on the concentration of individual hormones and the quality of boar sperm. The experiment ...

Background and Aim: Cryopreservation of boar semen is widely used for genetic conservation and artificial insemination; however, it induces oxidative stress and molecular alterations that compromise sperm function. Epige...

Background and objectiveEndothelial dysfunction is a key driver of cardiovascular complications in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), with oxidative stress and inflammation playing pivotal roles in its pa...

Abstract Introduction Enterovirus A71 (EV71)–associated encephalitis lacks targeted neuroprotective therapy. Experimental data implicate endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and ferroptosis in neuronal injury. We tested w...