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Copper sites in proteins are designed to perform either electron transfer or redox catalysis. Type 1 and CuA sites are electron transfer hubs bound to a rigid protein fold that prevents binding of exogenous ligands and s...

Abstract Background Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are pivotal in biopharmaceutical production, yet balancing high recombinant protein yield with cell survival remains challenging. While previous studies have targeted...

3D printing has emerged as vanguard technique of biofabrication to assemble cells, biomaterials and biomolecules in a spatially controlled manner to reproduce native tissues. In this work, gelatin methacrylate (GelMA)/al...

Abstract The systematic exploration of novel bioactive compounds with superior functional properties is critical for driving innovations in agriculture, healthcare, and related fields, thereby becoming essential for adva...

Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) based on biopolyelectrolytes are highly appealing for the surface engineering of biomaterials and the tuning of cell response and phenotypes for biomedical applications. However, cell a...

Abstract Using biomedical foundation models (FMs) for inference on small cohorts, represents a promising and practical route to advance drug response biomarker discovery and target identification. Here, we demonstrate th...

IntroductionPolygonum multiflorum (PM), a traditional medicinal herb, is renowned for its regenerative effects on hair growth; however, its therapeutic application has been largely confined to crude extracts. Recent adva...

Background: The bacterial chromosome may be used to stably maintain foreign DNA in the mega-base range. Integration into the chromosome circumvents issues such as plasmid replication, stability, incompatibility, and copy...

Biofabricated scaffolds facilitate bona fide cellular interactions, cell type specification, and the formation of three-dimensional tissue architecture from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). However, xenogenic biomat...

ABSTRACT The elastic cartilage is composed by chondroblasts and chondrocytes, extracellular matrix and surrounded by perichondrium. It has a low regeneration capacity and is a challenge in surgical repair. One of obstacl...

ABSTRACT The bacterial flagellar filament acts as a propeller to drive most bacterial swimming. The filament is made of flagellin, known as FliC in Escherichia coli. FliC consists of four domains, the highly conserved co...

A field experiment was carried out in summer season 2024  at one field  of the Agricultural Engineering Sciences College, University of Baghdad, in order to study the impact of organic and phosphate fertilization plus ...

Abstract Background The most investigated form of autoimmune-long-QT-syndrome (LQTS) is caused by circulating anti-Ro/SSA(Sjögren’s syndrome-related antigen-A)-52kD antibodies, which cross-react with a specific sequen...

ABSTRACT Upstream open reading frames (uORFs) are regulatory elements present in the 5′ leaders of mRNA that can significantly impact downstream gene expression in eukaryotes. In crop engineering, editing of uORFs can ...

Abstract The in-situ upcycling of decentralized methane and nitrogen gas (N2)-derived ammonia via methanotrophic bacteria is highly attractive. However, the toxic intermediate generated from ammonia oxidation significant...

Because of resistance development by cancer cells against current anticancer drugs, there is a considerable interest in developing novel antitumor agents. We have previously demonstrated that CIGB-552, a novel cell-penet...

This study was conducted in the animal farm of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences/ University of  Baghdad/ Iraq, from 23 march 2014 to 23 may 2014 to investigate the effect of  two levels of roughage to c...

Ganoderic acids (GAs), the major lanostane-type triterpenoids in Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum), possess diverse pharmacological activities but are produced at low levels, limiting their applications. Transcriptional reg...

Abstract Psammochloa villosa is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to tribe Stipeae (Poaceae). It is mainly distributed in the arid and sandy Inner Mongolia Plateau and adjacent areas, demonstrating remarkable resili...

Abstract Background Current bone tissue engineering scaffolds face challenges such as inadequate mechanical support, limited biocompatibility, and suboptimal osteogenesis for treating critical-sized bone defects. This st...

Biologic therapeutics have transformed the treatment of chronic and life-threatening diseases, yet their clinical use depends almost entirely on parenteral administration. Oral delivery is the preferred route for patient...

Abstract Background The efficient bioconversion of lignocellulosic hydrolysates to xylitol is hampered by inhibitors such as acetic acid and furfural. This study investigated the response mechanisms of two engineered xyl...

Black seed (Nigella sativa L.) is an internationally important oil crop, field experiment was carried out at two locations in Erbil province, Kurdistan region-Iraq, at Grdarasha Research Field, Collage of Agricultural En...

Abstract Rapid population growth and a corresponding increase in the demand for animal-derived proteins have led to food supply challenges and the need for alternative and sustainable meat production methods. Therefore, ...