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Abstract Background Thiamine (vitamin B1), a cofactor in energy metabolism and antioxidant pathways, may mitigate mitochondrial dysfunction in critical illnesses. However, its association with outcomes in acute respirato...

Abstract Background Prone positioning is recommended for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome not only to improve oxygenation, but also to reduce lung stress, and lower mortality. The association between imp...

Background and Literature ReviewHypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a rare, heterogeneous group of disorders defined by persistent hypereosinophilia (>1,500 cells/µL) with eosinophil-mediated end-organ damage. Its estim...

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS−CoV−2) represent two extremes in the outcome of antibody−based interventions. The long−acting monoclonal antibody nirsev...

ObjectivesTo characterize swallowing impairment and aspiration risk in patients recovering from acute respiratory events and to identify clinical, functional, and anatomical predictors of airway invasion with a specific ...

Abstract Heart failure (HF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently co-occur, complicating treatment. Concerns about respiratory complications often lead to underuse of β-blockers in this population....

BackgroundAcute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) secondary to severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is associated with high mortality; however, dependable biomarkers for early risk assessment remain scarce. The lactate-to-...

Background: Heart failure (HF) represents the terminal stage of many cardiovascular diseases. Doxorubicin (DOX) can induce HF through oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, and apoptosis. Ginkgetin (GK) has potential cardi...

Abstract Background Retrospective studies frequently use single-time-point Berlin physiologic criteria (PaO2/FiO2 

Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome (HHS) represents the most severe form of dyskeratosis congenita (DC), a telomere biology disorder caused by pathogenic variants in genes involved in telomere maintenance. DKC1 encodes dysker...

IntroductionKabuki syndrome (KS) is a rare, complex, multisystem, neurodevelopmental congenital disorder with characteristic phenotypic anomalies and pathogenic genetic variants of the KMT2D or KDM6A genes. KS is highly ...

Combined diquat and paraquat poisoning is a rare but clinically significant form of poisoning, associated with severe oxidative stress and multiorgan failure. Historical case series have reported high case fatality, part...

Objective The ROX index, combining oxygenation and respiratory rate, is widely used to assess respiratory failure. However, its prognostic value in critically ill patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD...

We performed a single-center retrospective analysis of chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) autopsy reports to better understand causes of death, end-organ damage, and disease pathophysiology. Forty-four autopsies of CGD ...

Next-generation metagenomic sequencing (mNGS) enables the direct and unbiased detection of pathogens from clinical samples, overcoming the limitations of standard methods. It is particularly valuable in immunocompromised...

BackgroundTreatment of childhood cancer is associated with a substantial risk of life-threatening complications that may require admission to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Data describing clinical characteristi...

BackgroundSevere fungal pneumonia with sepsis carries high mortality. Early and accurate prognosis is essential for improving outcomes. We developed and validated a nomogram based on immune-inflammation-nutrition indicat...

BackgroundPatients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and prolonged neutropenia are at high risk for invasive fungal infections such as fusariosis, which represents the second most common pathogenic mold infection in this...

Highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) remains a major zoonotic threat, yet human infections continue to display striking heterogeneity in clinical severity. We report a fatal case of H5N1 pneumonia in an adult patie...

ObjectivePatients seen for uncontrolled seizures in a Pediatric Emergency Department (ED) often undergo tracheal intubation (TI). We looked at factors associated with TI in children in a safety net hospital.MethodsThis w...

IntroductionThe ERCC2 gene, located on chromosome 19, is essential for transcription and DNA repair via its protein product, XPD. Mutations in ERCC2 cause disorders such as trichothiodystrophy-1, xeroderma pigmentosum, C...

Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is characterized by blood or tissue hypereosinophilia leading to organ damage or dysfunction. HES is most commonly secondary or idiopathic, but may be primary (myeloid) or familial. Here,...

IntroductionChronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an inborn error of immunity (IEI) secondary to defects in the phagocyte oxidative burst. Patients mainly experience infections; however, many may also manifest inflammat...