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Urban informality and climate change pose significant challenges for urban planning in rapidly growing cities in the Global South. This study conducts a qualitative content analysis of 45 spatial planning instruments add...

Abstract Background Shigella species are a significant global public health threat with the highest burden of Shigella-associated diarrhoea in children under five years of age, particularly in low- and middle-income coun...

Abstract The progressive settlement of subway tunnels induced by repetitive subway loading represents a fundamental challenge to both structural safety and passenger serviceability. Conventional prediction studies on lon...

Over the past few decades, the pharmaceutical sector has witnessed the occurrence of a particular type of agreement used to settle patent disputes between originator and generic drug manufacturers: so-called reverse paym...

Abstract Background Uganda has one of the highest teenage pregnancy rates in the world. While barriers to contraceptive uptake are well documented, little is known about the incidence of abortion and unintended pregnancy...

Background. Individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 who develop COVID-19 are susceptible to persistent symptoms and sequelae, referred to as post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC). The prevalence of PASC is estimated to r...

Urbanisation, land use changes and tourism in disaster-prone high mountain areas or riskscapes have emerged as important research topics and major planning challenges at a global scale with the Himalayan region as a hots...

Abstract Energy insecurity is a persistent yet insufficiently examined barrier to sustainable informal entrepreneurship in African cities. In Namibia, informal women entrepreneurs in low-income settlements face limited e...

Abstract Under the current cluster-based conservation model, traditional villages face multiple challenges, including a one-dimensional research perspective, administrative boundaries fragmenting cluster divisions, and h...

Abstract Background Under pressures of health insurance cost containment and high-quality development, diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) and other case-based payment schemes have become a major direction of China’s inpat...

Italian historic centres face critical challenges balancing heritage conservation with contemporary needs, particularly in regions like Calabria where smaller settlements experience depopulation, decay, and inadequate se...

Abstract Large-diameter monopiles are extensively used to support onshore bridges, port terminals, and offshore wind farms due to their high load-bearing capacity, low settlement and excellent seismic performance. Meanwh...

Abstract Permafrost degradation causes irreversible damage to Arctic civil infrastructure and threatens the broader pan-Arctic economy. Currently, the lack of community-scale, geomechanics-based mapping of Arctic infrast...

Abstract Gate and earth-rock dam systems are the preferred dam types for river sections under deep overburden conditions, low head, and high flow rates. This study established a three-dimensional finite element model inc...

Abstract This study investigates a Persian gum-waste carpet fiber (PG-WCF) composite as a stabilizer for silty soil intended for landfill liner applications and compares its performance with the soil stabilized using ord...

Abstract In the rapidly expanding urban frontiers of Ethiopia, informal housing is often treated as a technical failure of planning. However, this study argues that informality is a deliberate "logic of governance" media...

Abstract This study investigates the population history and subsistence of farming communities at the Erdaojingzi site (ca. 3700–3330 cal. BP), a well-preserved Bronze Age settlement located in the agro-pastoral trans...

The rock-cut heritage of the Kayseri Valleys represents a distinctive vernacular tradition shaped by technological skill, social practices, and environmental adaptation. These systems, evolving from carved spaces to maso...

Abstract Ports and marinas are global hotspots for non-indigenous species (NIS), yet biofouling communities in the Arabian Gulf remain poorly documented. Here, we present the first spatially extensive assessment of biofo...

Abstract Human settlements are increasingly being impacted by urban fires initiated by wildfires. Metrics such as area burned and number of structures destroyed are important, but research often overlooks the socio-ecolo...

Urban areas are very dynamic places that are changing rapidly due to population growth and urbanization.This study aimed to assess the spatio-temporal dynamics of UGS under land use/land cover change (LULCC) from 1991 to...

Abstract Residues of pharmaceuticals are gradually accumulating in surface water resources because of the disposal of wastewater effluent. For the present study, four surface water resources (rivers and streams) that rec...

Studies carried out for sustainable and low carbon emission rural area design and planning are important in minimising the effects of climate change and protecting the ecology. Especially in rural areas, the choice of lo...