Linear Antenna Array Design with Dolph-Chebyshev Method for High Gain and Side-Lobe Reduction in Wireless Systems

This paper presents a linear antenna array design employing the Dolph-Chebyshev method to achieve high gain while effectively minimizing side-lobe levels for IoT applications. The proposed approach strikes a balance between key parameters, allowing for the narrowest beam width at a specified side-lobe level and vice versa. Various techniques exist to reduce side-lobe levels, thereby conserving power and enhancing service quality. However, this study focuses on a 7-element array designed using the Dolph-Chebyshev method, offering a structured comparison of radiation patterns at different side-lobe levels. The analysis reveals that increasing directivity and gain does not always correlate with reduced side-lobe levels, emphasizing the trade-offs involved. To validate the approach, a microstrip comb-line antenna array is designed for 5 GHz IoT applications, implemented on a Rogers RO4003C substrate with dimensions of 200 50 mm2. The array achieves a gain of 13 dBi while maintaining side-lobe levels below – 18 dB at 5 GHz. The results demonstrate the suitability of this design for IoT-based wireless communication systems, ensuring efficient radiation characteristics while maintaining a compact form factor. This study highlights the importance of optimizing antenna parameters to achieve the desired performance for modern wireless networks.