People’s perceptions on the impacts of select linear infrastructure projects on avifauna in Chhattisgarh, India

India’s rapid economic growth has led to widespread expansion of linear infrastructure (LI) such as roads, railways, and power lines, often with significant ecological impacts on wildlife, including avifauna. Understanding public perceptions of these impacts is crucial for participatory conservation and sustainable infrastructure planning. This study assessed people’s perceptions of avifaunal impacts from four major LI projects in Chhattisgarh: Ranchi–Dharamjaigarh (765 kV), Korba–Jabalpur (765 kV), and Champa–Kurukshetra (800 kV) transmission lines, as well as the East Rail Corridor. Structured interviews were conducted with 868 rural residents using close-ended questions. Responses were analysed using binary scoring, chi-square tests, and multinomial logistic regression. Overall, 56.6% perceived negative impacts on avifauna, with 51.7% reporting declines in common bird species. While 58.5% of respondents observed no change in migratory birds, 41.5% reported a decline; 43.5% noted electrocution and collision risks. Perceptions varied significantly with respondents’ age, education, tribal status, occupation, and proximity to LI. Older, less-educated, and non-tribal individuals expressed more negative views, and those living closer to LI exhibited heightened concern. Despite these, neutral views were prevalent, reflecting a lack of definitive environmental awareness or LI’s impact on avifauna. These findings underscore the need for integrating biodiversity safeguards into infrastructure planning and enhancing public awareness through targeted environmental education.