The Danish Pacemaker and ICD Register: Review of Clinical and Research Potential

Maria Hee Jung Park Frausing,1– 3 Morten Schmidt,2,4 Ole Dan Jørgensen,5,6 Frederikke Nørregaard Jakobsen,7 Frederik Mikkelsen,1,2 Jacob Moesgaard Larsen,8 Charlotte Ellen Larroudé,9 Berit Thornvig Philbert,10 Jens Kristensen,1 Helle Skovmand Bosselmann,11 Mayooran Gnanaganesh,12 Andi Eie Albertsen,3 Jerzy Malczynski,4 Lene Svendstrup Christensen,13 Ulrik Hintze,14 Janni Broedbaek,15 Jens Cosedis Nielsen,1,2 Jens Brock Johansen6,7 1Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; 2Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; 3Department of Cardiology, Viborg Hospital, Hospitalsenhed Midt, Viborg, Denmark; 4Department of Cardiology, Gødstrup Hospital, Herning, Denmark; 5Department of Cardiac-, Thoracic- and Vascular Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; 6The Danish Pacemaker and ICD Register, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; 7Department of Cardiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; 8Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; 9Copenhagen Heart Center, Gentofte Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark; 10Copenhagen Heart Center, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; 11Department of Cardiology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark; 12Department of Cardiology, Lillebælt Hospital - Vejle, Vejle, Denmark; 13Department of Cardiology, Hospital Sønderjylland – Aabenraa, Aabenraa, Denmark; 14Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Southern Denmark Esbjerg, Esbjerg, Denmark; 15OPEN - OPEN Patient Data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, Odense, DenmarkCorrespondence: Maria Hee Jung Park Frausing, Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Bvld. 99, Aarhus N, DK-8200, Denmark, Tel +45 30137276, Email maria.park@rm.dkAbstract: The Danish Pacemaker and ICD Register (DPIR) was established in 1982 as a hardware registry and clinical quality database dedicated to cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) therapy. It is among the most comprehensive and longest-running CIED registries in the world and has recorded over 200,000 CIED procedures in more than 133,000 individuals. Leveraging the Danish registry infrastructure, individual-level linkage to other national clinical and administrative registries via the unique personal identification number greatly expands its research potential. This review summarizes the development, database structure, variable content and quality, and the clinical and scientific impact of DPIR. Examples of data quality include complete national coverage of all CIED procedures, standardized data-entry fields that minimize variability across centers, mandatory reporting of core variables, and high concordance between registry entries and source documentation. Data from DPIR has informed clinical practice guidelines and supported clinical quality improvement in Denmark and internationally. The graphical abstract is divided into two sections. The left highlights features of a complete national cohort: nationwide coverage, detailed patient, device, and procedural data, linkage to national databases and registries, and high variable completeness and accuracy. The right focuses on clinical aspects: clinical follow-up, safety monitoring, quality assurance (hand icon), and epidemiological research.Graphical abstract highlighting key strengths and characteristics of the Danish Pacemaker and ICD Register.Keywords: pacemaker, cardiac resynchronization therapy, implantable cardioverter defibrillator, cardiac implantable electronic device, registry, clinical quality database, validation