ENHANCING THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF MARINE FISHING VESSELS

Abstract. During each voyage, the vessel's traction capacity decreases due to the gradual degradation of the characteristics of the propulsion complex. This process is influenced by factors such as fouling of the vessel's hull and propeller, a decrease in the power of the main engine due to wear of the cylinder-piston group and fuel equipment elements. All this leads to a deterioration in the traction and speed parameters of the trawler, which, in particular, is manifested in a decrease in the towing speed of the trawls used in the fishing process. Trawl modernization can be carried out in various directions. The most famous is the method of changing the design of the trawl's mooring part, including reducing the linear dimensions of the layers and replacing some areas with a fine mesh with larger cells. Such improvements contribute to a decrease in the hydrodynamic resistance of the fishing trawl. Reducing the height of the roughness elements on the elements of the trawl system can be achieved by using bicomponent threads of trawl ropes instead of threads made of polytetrafluoroethylene. In such threads, the core is made of inexpensive thermoplastic fiber, for example, polypropylene, and their surface is covered with a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene. In addition, it is possible to integrate a distributed fiber-optic measuring network into the material of a fishing trawl, which consists of a set of individual measuring lines arranged in space according to certain parameters.