Understanding the Happiness Journey of International Students Through Maslow's Lens: A Qualitative Study Beyond Academics

This research investigates the factors contributing to happiness among international students at a Malaysian university through a qualitative, semi-structured questionnaire administered to 10 students (5 female and 5 male) from nine countries. Four key themes emerged, aligning with Maslow’s Hierarchy: 1) Personal Achievement and Academic Fulfillment- happiness derived from educational success and career progress; 2) Social Connection and Belonging- the importance of relationships and cultural integration; 3) Health and Environmental Comfort- adaptation to climate and living conditions; and 4) Internal Reflection and Emotional Regulation- the impact of mindset and coping mechanisms on overall happiness. The research demonstrates that international student happiness is multidimensional, influenced by factors ranging from basic physiological needs to self-actualisation, consistent with Maslow’s framework. Educational institutions can utilise these findings to enhance support services, foster inclusive environments, and develop targeted interventions that address the unique needs of international students. This holistic understanding of international student happiness contributes valuable insights for improving the overall educational experience and well-being of diverse student populations in Malaysian institutions.