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Particle swarm optimization

James Kennedy; R.C. Eberhart · OpenAlex · 2002

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Author / responsible party
James Kennedy; R.C. Eberhart
Publisher
OpenAlex
Year
2002
Language
English

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A concept for the optimization of nonlinear functions using particle swarm methodology is introduced. The evolution of several paradigms is outlined, and an implementation of one of the paradigms is discussed. Benchmark testing of the paradigm is described, and applications, including nonlinear function optimization and neural network training, are proposed. The relationships between particle swarm optimization and both artificial life and genetic algorithms are described.

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APA 7

Kennedy, J. & Eberhart, R. (2002). Particle swarm optimization. https://doi.org/10.1109/icnn.1995.488968

MLA

Kennedy, James, and R.C. Eberhart. "Particle swarm optimization." 2002. https://doi.org/10.1109/icnn.1995.488968.

Chicago

Kennedy, James and R.C. Eberhart. 2002. "Particle swarm optimization.". https://doi.org/10.1109/icnn.1995.488968.

Harvard

Kennedy, J. and Eberhart, R. 2002, Particle swarm optimization, OpenAlex, available at: https://doi.org/10.1109/icnn.1995.488968 [Accessed 5 Aug. 2026].

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Resource details

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Title
Particle swarm optimization
Author / contributors
James Kennedy; R.C. Eberhart
Publisher
OpenAlex
Publication year
2002
Language
English

Subjects

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Particle swarm optimization; Multi-swarm optimization; Benchmark (surveying); Metaheuristic; Computer science; Artificial neural network; Nonlinear system; Swarm intelligence; Parallel metaheuristic; Mathematical optimization; Meta-optimization; Swarm behaviour
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