Functionality of the mobile CBRNE laboratory of the State Fire Service in the context of legal regulations and operational assumptions of the National Firefighting and Rescue System

The article analyses the functionality of the mobile CBRNE laboratory of the State Fire Service in the context of applicable legal regulations and operational assumptions of the National Firefighting and Rescue System. This laboratory, designed as the highest (L) level of operational readiness in the chemical and ecological rescue structure, significantly strengthens the analytical capabilities of the State Fire Service to respond to chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and explosive threats. The paper presents a technical characteristics of the laboratory, including its modular construction, advanced filtration and decontamination systems, and analytical equipment compliant with NATO standards. Operational scenarios for the laboratory’s use are discussed, with particular emphasis on the identification of dangerous shipments, assessment of environmental contamination, and response to radiological threats. The article also analyses challenges related to the operation of mobile laboratories, including formal issues regarding BSL-3 classification, staffing requirements, and logistical aspects. The strategic importance of mobile CBRNE laboratories for Poland’s security as a border state of the EU and NATO is emphasised, especially in light of experiences from the conflict in Ukraine, indicating the real risk of releasing toxic substances as a result of warfare.